1. The uncinate processes are the small white spurs about halfway along the ribs. 2. Luschka's joints involve the vertebral uncinate processes . 3. The tuatara is the only living tetrapod with well-developed gastralia and uncinate processes . 4. Birds have uncinate processes on the ribs. 5. Ten pairs of dorsal ribs are preserved, and like previous specimens lack uncinate processes . 6. Although bony uncinate processes are unique to birds, cartilaginous uncinate processes are present in crocodiles. 7. Although bony uncinate processes are unique to birds, cartilaginous uncinate processes are present in crocodiles. 8. This is due to the presence of large sternal plates and uncinate processes , which imply flight musculature. 9. The true ribs are small projections, with small, hooked bones, called uncinate processes , found on the rear of each rib. 10. The dorsal pancreatic bud forms the head, neck, body, and tail, whereas the ventral pancreatic bud forms the uncinate process .
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